Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 10, 890-895, Copyright © 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Does thoracic irradiation improve survival and local control in limited- stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung? A meta-analysis
P Warde and D Payne
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
PURPOSE: Our main purpose was to determine whether the addition of thoracic
radiation therapy to systemic chemotherapy improves 2-year survival,
improves local (intrathoracic) tumor control, and affects treatment-related
mortality in patients with limited-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung.
DESIGN: Eleven randomized trials addressing this issue were identified
using a computerized literature search (Medline and Cancerline) and by
polling senior investigators in the field. A meta-analysis was then
performed and the results of the trials were analyzed in two ways, the odds
ratio (OR) (Peto) method and the risk difference method (Dersimonian and
Laird). RESULTS: The overall OR for benefit of thoracic radiation on 2-year
survival (ie, the odds of surviving 2 years among patients allocated to
radiation compared with the odds of surviving 2 years among patients
allocated to control) is 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 1.76;
chi 2 = 12.76; P less than .001). The risk difference method showed that
radiation therapy improved 2-year survival by 5.4% (95% CI, 1.1% to 9.7%).
Local control results were available for only nine studies, the OR for
treatment benefit is 3.02 (95% CI, 2.80 to 3.24; chi 2 = 101.48; P less
than .0001), and intrathoracic tumor control was improved by 25.3% (95% CI,
16.5% to 34.1%). The OR for excess treatment-related deaths in the thoracic
radiation-treated patients was 2.54 (95% CI, 1.90 to 3.18; chi 2 = 8.24; P
less than .01). The risk difference for treatment-related deaths was 1.2%
(95% CI, -0.6% to 3.0%). CONCLUSIONS: This meta- analysis shows a small but
significant improvement in survival and a major improvement in tumor
control in the thorax in patients receiving thoracic radiation therapy.
However, this is achieved at the cost of a small increase in
treatment-related mortality.

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