Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 12, 2527-2534, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Incidence and characterization of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia following high-dose chemoradiotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for lymphoid malignancies
DL Darrington, JM Vose, JR Anderson, PJ Bierman, MR Bishop, WC Chan, ME Morris, EC Reed, WG Sanger and SR Tarantolo
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-3330.
PURPOSE: To analyze the risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
or acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) following autologous bone marrow
transplantation (ABMT) or peripheral stem-cell transplantation (PSCT) and
to determine the impact on failure-free survival (FFS). PATIENTS AND
METHODS: Patients underwent ABMT or PSCT for the treatment of Hodgkin's
disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) at the University of Nebraska
Medical Center. For those patients who went on to develop MDS/AML, controls
were selected and a case-control-within-a- cohort study undertaken.
RESULTS: Twelve patients developed MDS or AML a median of 44 months
following ABMT/PSCT. The cumulative incidence (P = .42) and the conditional
probability (P = .32) of MDS/AML were not statistically different between
HD and NHL patients. Age greater than 40 years at the time of transplant (P
= .05) and receipt of a total- body irradiation (TBI)-containing regimen (P
= .06) were predictive for developing MDS/AML in patients with NHL.
CONCLUSION: There is an increased risk of MDS/AML following ABMT/PSCT for
lymphoid malignancies. NHL patients age > or = 40 years at the time of
transplant and who received TBI are at greatest risk.

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