Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 15, 261-267, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Randomized trial comparing epirubicin, cisplatin, and fluorouracil versus fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and methotrexate in advanced esophagogastric cancer
A Webb, D Cunningham, JH Scarffe, P Harper, A Norman, JK Joffe, M Hughes, J Mansi, M Findlay, A Hill, J Oates, M Nicolson, T Hickish, M O'Brien, T Iveson, M Watson, C Underhill, A Wardley and M Meehan
Cancer Research Campaign (CRC) Section of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
PURPOSE: We report the results of a prospectively randomized study that
compared the combination of epirubicin, cisplatin, and protracted venous
infusion fluorouracil (5-FU) (ECF regimen) with the standard combination of
5-FU, doxorubicin, and methotrexate (FAMTX) in previously untreated
patients with advanced esophagogastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two
hundred seventy-four patients with adenocarcinoma or undifferentiated
carcinoma were randomized and analyzed for survival, tumor response,
toxicity, and quality of life (QL). RESULTS: The overall response rate was
45% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36% to 54%) with ECF and 21% (95% CI,
13% to 29%) with FAMTX (P = .0002). Toxicity was tolerable and there were
only three toxic deaths. The FAMTX regimen caused more hematologic toxicity
and serious infections, but ECF caused more emesis and alopecia. The median
survival duration was 8.9 months with ECF and 5.7 months with FAMTX (P =
.0009); at 1 year, 36% (95% CI, 27% to 45%) of ECF and 21% (95% CI, 14% to
29%) of FAMTX patients were alive. The median failure-free survival
duration was 7.4 months with ECF and 3.4 months with FAMTX (P = .00006).
The global QL scores were better for ECF at 24 weeks, but the remaining QL
data showed no differences between either arm of the study. Hospital-based
cost analysis on a subset of patients was similar for each arm and
translated into an increment cost of $975 per life- year gained.
CONCLUSION: The ECF regimen results in a survival and response advantage,
tolerable toxicity, better QL and cost- effectiveness compared with FAMTX
chemotherapy. This regimen should now be considered the standard treatment
for advanced esophagogastric cancer.

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