Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 16, 2817-2824, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Transplant-lite: induction of graft-versus-malignancy using fludarabine- based nonablative chemotherapy and allogeneic blood progenitor-cell transplantation as treatment for lymphoid malignancies
IF Khouri, M Keating, M Korbling, D Przepiorka, P Anderlini, S O'Brien, S Giralt, C Ippoliti, B von Wolff, J Gajewski, M Donato, D Claxton, N Ueno, B Andersson, A Gee and R Champlin
Department of Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA. ikhouri@notes.mdacc.tmc.edu
PURPOSE: To investigate the use of a nonmyeloablative fludarabine-based
preparative regimen to produce sufficient immunosuppression to allow
engraftment of allogeneic stem cells and induction of graft-versus-
leukemia/lymphoma (GVL) as the primary treatment modality for patients with
chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Fifteen patients were studied. Six patients were in advanced refractory
relapse, and induction therapy had failed in two patients. Patients with
CLL or low-grade lymphoma received fludarabine 90 to 150 mg/m2 and
cyclophosphamide 900 to 2,000 mg/m2. Patients with intermediate-grade
lymphoma or in Richter's transformation received cisplatin 25 mg/m2 daily
for 4 days; fludarabine 30 mg/m2; and cytarabine 500 mg/m2 daily for 2
days. Chemotherapy was followed by allogeneic stem-cell infusion from
HLA-identical siblings. Patients with residual malignant cells or mixed
chimerism could receive a donor lymphocyte infusion of 0.5 to 2 x 10(8)
mononuclear cells/kg 2 to 3 months posttransplantation if graft-versus-host
disease (GVHD) was not present. RESULTS: Eleven patients had engraftment of
donor cells, and the remaining four patients promptly recovered autologous
hematopoiesis. Eight of 11 patients achieved a complete response (CR). Five
of six patients (83.3%) with chemosensitive disease continue to be alive
compared with two of nine patients (22.2%) who had refractory or untested
disease at the time of study entry (P = .04). CONCLUSION: These findings
indicate the feasibility of allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation with a
nonablative preparative regimen to produce engraftment and GVL against
lymphoid malignancies. The ability to induce remissions with donor
lymphocyte infusion in patients with CLL, Richter's, and low-grade and
intermediate-grade lymphoma is direct evidence of GVL activity against
these diseases. This approach appears to be most promising in patients with
chemotherapy-responsive disease and low tumor burden.
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S. Marktel, Z. Magnani, F. Ciceri, S. Cazzaniga, S. R. Riddell, C. Traversari, C. Bordignon, and C. Bonini
Immunologic potential of donor lymphocytes expressing a suicide gene for early immune reconstitution after hematopoietic T-cell-depleted stem cell transplantation
Blood,
February 15, 2003;
101(4):
1290 - 1298.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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D. Niederwieser, M. Maris, J. A. Shizuru, E. Petersdorf, U. Hegenbart, B. M. Sandmaier, D. G. Maloney, B. Storer, T. Lange, T. Chauncey, et al.
Low-dose total body irradiation (TBI) and fludarabine followed by hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from HLA-matched or mismatched unrelated donors and postgrafting immunosuppression with cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) can induce durable complete chimerism and sustained remissions in patients with hematological diseases
Blood,
February 15, 2003;
101(4):
1620 - 1629.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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