Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 17, Issue 3
(March), 1999: 1020
© 1999 American Society for Clinical Oncology
Quality of Life and Performance in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients on Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy: A Prospective Examination
Marcy A. List,
Amy Siston,
Daniel Haraf,
Phil Schumm,
Merrill Kies,
Kerstin Stenson,
Everett E. Vokes
From the Departments of Medicine, Radiation and Cellular Oncology, Department of Health Studies, and Surgery, the Chicago Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago, Chicago; and Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
Address reprint requests to Marcy A. List, PhD, Associate Director, Cancer Control and Community Research, University of Chicago Cancer Research Center, 5841 S Maryland MC 1140, Chicago, IL 60637; email malist{at}mcis.bsd.uchicago.edu
PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate performance and quality of life (QOL) in advanced-stage head and neck cancer (HNC) patients on a curative-intent, concomitant-chemoradiotherapy (CT/XRT) (twice-daily radiation, fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and cisplatin) regimen aimed at improving locoregional control, survival, and QOL.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients were assessed before, during, and at 3-month intervals after treatment. Standardized measures of QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Head and Neck), performance (Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck Cancer Patients and Karnofsky Performance Status Rating Scale), and patient-reported symptoms (McMaster University Head and Neck Radiotherapy Questionnaire) were administered.
RESULTS: Acute treatment toxicities were severe, with declines in virtually all QOL and functional domains. Marked improvement was seen by 12 months; general functional and physical measures returned to baseline levels of good to excellent. Although up to a third of the patients continued to report problems with swallowing, hoarseness, and mouth pain, these difficulties were present in similar magnitudes before treatment. The following symptoms were more frequent at 12 months: dry mouth (58% v 17%), difficulties tasting (32% v 8%), and soft food diet (82% v 42%). Twelve-month diet was not related to pretreatment functioning, disease, treatment, or patient characteristics. Twelve-month QOL was best predicted by pretreatment QOL, with very little relationship to residual side effects or functional impairments. Small numbers of patients in four of the five disease sites precluded examination of outcome by site.
CONCLUSION: These data support the feasibility of intense CT/XRT as primary treatment for advanced HNC. Results confirm acute toxicity but indicate that many of the treatment-related performance and QOL declines resolve by 12 months. The persistent inability to eat a full range of foods warrants further attention and monitoring.
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