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Age, Sex, and Smoking Are Predictors of Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor–Binding Protein 3

From the Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Internal Medicine, Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA; and Department of Epidemiology, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece.

Address reprint requests to Christos Mantzoros, MD, DSc, Endocrinology, RN 325, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 99 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; email cmantzor{at}bidmc.harvard.edu

PURPOSE: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and its major binding protein (IGF-BP3) have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies. However, anthropometric and lifestyle predictors of these hormones have not been elucidated. Here we report the results of a cross-sectional study.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study examines the relationship of a series of epidemiologic parameters (age, sex, height, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee drinking) with IGF-1 and IGF-BP3 in a sample of 130 healthy adults.

RESULTS: We observed that serum levels of IGF-1 are higher, whereas levels of IGF-BP3 are lower, in men than in women. In addition, serum levels of IGF-1 are independently and negatively associated with age and positively associated with pack-year history of smoking. Finally, serum levels of IGF-BP3 are independently and negatively associated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day or pack-year history of smoking.

CONCLUSION: Age, sex, and smoking are independent predictors of IGF-1 and/or IGF-BP3. The influence of these epidemiologic variables on the pathogenesis of disease states associated with IGF-1 and IGF-BP3 warrants further exploration.

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