This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a colleague Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Save to my personal folders Download to citation manager Rights & Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Fujisawa, T. Articles by Ohwada, H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Fujisawa, T. Articles by Ohwada, H. Social Bookmarking                            What's this?

Smoking Before Surgery Predicts Poor Long-Term Survival in Patients With Stage I Non–Small-Cell Lung Carcinomas

From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Institute of Pulmonary Cancer Research, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Address reprint requests to Takehiko Fujisawa, MD, Department of Surgery, Institute of Pulmonary Cancer Research, Chiba University School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan

PURPOSE: The majority of lung carcinoma patients requiring resection have smoking habits prior to surgical treatment, and the correlation of smoking with postoperative complications is well known. However, few studies have investigated the correlation between long-term survival and cigarette smoking in patients with primary, resected lung carcinoma. We analyzed the relationship between clinical factors, including cigarette smoking before surgery, and 10-year survival in stage I non–small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cigarette smoking habit and other factors influencing either the overall survival or the disease-specific survival rates of patients with stage I primary, resected NSCLC were evaluated according to the Cox proportional hazards model using a total of 369 patients with stage I–NSCLC.

RESULTS: Comparison of the cause of death in patients with 30 or more pack-years and patients with less than 30 pack-years showed significant differences in the prevalence of recurrent disease and onset of nonmalignant disease. Multivariate analysis demonstrated significant correlations between overall survival and age and pack-years. Disease-specific survival showed significant correlations with age, tumor classification, and visceral pleural invasion.

CONCLUSION: Smoking pack-years is an important clinical prognostic factor in evaluating overall long-term survival in patients with stage I primary, resected NSCLC.

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				H. Matsuguma, R. Nakahara, S. Igarashi, Y. Ishikawa, H. Suzuki, N. Miyazawa, S. Honjo, and K. Yokoi Pathologic stage I non small cell lung cancer with high levels of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen: Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., January 1, 2008; 135(1): 44 - 49. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bryant and R. J. Cerfolio Differences in Epidemiology, Histology, and Survival Between Cigarette Smokers and Never-Smokers Who Develop Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Chest, July 1, 2007; 132(1): 185 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Wisnivesky and E. A. Halm Sex Differences in Lung Cancer Survival: Do Tumors Behave Differently in Elderly Women? J. Clin. Oncol., May 1, 2007; 25(13): 1705 - 1712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Baser, V. R. Shannon, G. A. Eapen, C. A. Jimenez, A. Onn, E Lin, and R. C. Morice Smoking Cessation After Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Is Associated With a Beneficial Effect on Performance Status Chest, December 1, 2006; 130(6): 1784 - 1790. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Zhou, R. S. Heist, G. Liu, K. Asomaning, D. P. Miller, D. S. Neuberg, J. C. Wain, T. J. Lynch, and D. C. Christiani Second Hand Smoke Exposure and Survival in Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2006; 12(23): 7187 - 7193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Park, M. K. Lim, S. A. Shin, and Y. H. Yun Impact of Prediagnosis Smoking, Alcohol, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance on Survival in Male Cancer Patients: National Health Insurance Corporation Study J. Clin. Oncol., November 1, 2006; 24(31): 5017 - 5024. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Zell, S.-H. I. Ou, A. Ziogas, and H. Anton-Culver Long-term survival differences for bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma patients with ipsilateral intrapulmonary metastasis at diagnosis Ann. Onc., August 1, 2006; 17(8): 1255 - 1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. R. Mulligan, A. D. Meram, C. D. Proctor, H. Wu, K. Zhu, and A. J. Marrogi Unlimited Access to Care: Effect on Racial Disparity and Prognostic Factors in Lung Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2006; 15(1): 25 - 31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Kawaguchi, A. Matsumura, K. Iuchi, S. Ishikawa, H. Maeda, S. Fukai, H. Komatsu, and M. Kawahara Second Primary Cancers in Patients with Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Successfully Treated with Chemo-radiotherapy Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., January 1, 2006; 36(1): 7 - 11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Zell, S.-H. I. Ou, A. Ziogas, and H. Anton-Culver Epidemiology of Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma: Improvement in Survival After Release of the 1999 WHO Classification of Lung Tumors J. Clin. Oncol., November 20, 2005; 23(33): 8396 - 8405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. R. Gritz, C. Dresler, and L. Sarna Smoking, The Missing Drug Interaction in Clinical Trials: Ignoring the Obvious Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2005; 14(10): 2287 - 2293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Murin Smoking Cessation Before Lung Resection Chest, June 1, 2005; 127(6): 1873 - 1875. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Iizasa, M. Suzuki, K. Yasufuku, A. Iyoda, M. Otsuji, S. Yoshida, Y. Sekine, K. Shibuya, Y. Saitoh, K. Hiroshima, et al. Preoperative pulmonary function as a prognostic factor for stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2004; 77(6): 1896 - 1902. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. Tammemagi, C. Neslund-Dudas, M. Simoff, and P. Kvale Smoking and Lung Cancer Survival: The Role of Comorbidity and Treatment Chest, January 1, 2004; 125(1): 27 - 37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y.-C. Wu, C.-F. J. Lin, W.-H. Hsu, B.-S. Huang, M.-H. Huang, and L.-S. Wang Long-term results of pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer: validation of using the number of totally removed lymph nodes as a staging control Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., December 1, 2003; 24(6): 994 - 1001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Haga, K. Hiroshima, A. Iyoda, K. Shibuya, F. Shimamura, T. Iizasa, T. Fujisawa, and H. Ohwada Ki-67 expression and prognosis for smokers with resected stage i Non-Small cell lung cancer Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2003; 75(6): 1727 - 1732. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Schnoll, B. Zhang, M. Rue, J. E. Krook, W. T. Spears, A. C. Marcus, and P. F. Engstrom Brief Physician-Initiated Quit-Smoking Strategies for Clinical Oncology Settings: A Trial Coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group J. Clin. Oncol., January 15, 2003; 21(2): 355 - 365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Brundage, D. Davies, and W. J. Mackillop Prognostic Factors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer* : A Decade of Progress Chest, September 1, 2002; 122(3): 1037 - 1057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Thomas, C. Doddoli, X. Thirion, O. Ghez, M.-J. Payan-Defais, R. Giudicelli, and P. Fuentes Stage I non-small cell lung cancer: a pragmatic approach to prognosis after complete resection Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 2002; 73(4): 1065 - 1070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. D’Amico, T. A. Aloia, M.-B. H. Moore, J. E. Herndon II, K. R. Brooks, C. L. Lau, and D. H. Harpole Jr Molecular biologic substaging of stage I lung cancer according to gender and histology Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2000; 69(3): 882 - 886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]