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Phase I Trial Results of Iodine-131–Labeled Antitenascin Monoclonal Antibody 81C6 Treatment of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Malignant Gliomas

From the Departments of Pathology, Medicine, Surgery, Radiology, and Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

Address reprint requests to Ilkcan Cokgor, MD, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3624, Durham, NC 27710; email cokgo001{at}mc.duke.edu

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of iodine-131 (¹³¹I)–labeled 81C6 antitenascin monoclonal antibody (mAb) administered clinically into surgically created resection cavities (SCRCs) in malignant glioma patients and to identify any objective responses with this treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this phase I trial, newly diagnosed patients with malignant gliomas with no prior external-beam therapy or chemotherapy were treated with a single injection of ¹³¹I-labeled 81C6 through a Rickham reservoir into the resection cavity. The initial dose was 20 mCi and escalation was in 20-mCi increments. Patients were observed for toxicity and response until death or for a minimum of 1 year after treatment.

RESULTS: We treated 42 patients with ¹³¹I-labeled 81C6 mAb in administered doses up to 180 mCi. Dose-limiting toxicity was observed at doses greater than 120 mCi and consisted of delayed neurotoxicity. None of the patients developed major hematologic toxicity. Median survival for patients with glioblastoma multiforme and for all patients was 69 and 79 weeks, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The MTD for administration of ¹³¹I-labeled 81C6 into the SCRC of newly diagnosed patients with no prior radiation therapy or chemotherapy was 120 mCi. Dose-limiting toxicity was delayed neurologic toxicity. We are encouraged by the survival and toxicity and by the low 2.5% prevalence of debulking surgery for symptomatic radiation necrosis.

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