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Alterations of Chromosome Arms 1p and 19q as Predictors of Survival in Oligodendrogliomas, Astrocytomas, and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas

From the Division of Laboratory Genetics, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Neurology, and Section of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Division of Neuropathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.

Address reprint requests to Robert B. Jenkins, MD, PhD, Department of Cytogenetics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St, Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905; email rjenkins{at}mayo.edu

PURPOSE: A recent report suggests that alterations of chromosome arms 1p and 19q are associated with chemotherapeutic response and overall survival in anaplastic oligodendroglioma patients treated with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine chemotherapy. We set out to further clarify the diagnostic and prognostic implications of these alterations in a broader set of diffuse gliomas, including astrocytic neoplasms and low-grade oligodendrogliomas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) signals from DNA probes mapping to 1p and 19q common deletion regions were enumerated in 162 diffuse gliomas (79 astrocytomas, 52 oligodendrogliomas, and 31 mixed oligoastrocytomas), collected as part of an ongoing prospective investigation of CNS tumors.

RESULTS: The oligodendroglial phenotype was highly associated with loss of 1p (P = .0002), loss of 19q (P < .0001), and combined loss of 1p and 19q (P < .0001). Combined loss of 1p and 19q was identified as a univariate predictor of prolonged overall survival among patients with pure oligodendroglioma (log-rank, P = .03) and remained a significant predictor after adjusting for the effects of patient age and tumor grade (P < .01). This favorable association was not evident in patients with astrocytoma or mixed oligoastrocytoma.

CONCLUSION: Combined loss of 1p and 19q is a statistically significant predictor of prolonged survival in patients with pure oligodendroglioma, independent of tumor grade. Given the lack of this association in patients with astrocytic neoplasms and the previously demonstrated chemosensitivity of oligodendrogliomas, a combined approach of histologic and genotypic assessment could potentially improve existing strategies for patient stratification and management.

The first two authors contributed equally to this study.

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				O.-L. Chinot, S. Honore, H. Dufour, M. Barrie, D. Figarella-Branger, X. Muracciole, D. Braguer, P.-M. Martin, and F. Grisoli Safety and Efficacy of Temozolomide in Patients With Recurrent Anaplastic Oligodendrogliomas After Standard Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy J. Clin. Oncol., May 1, 2001; 19(9): 2449 - 2455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Caggana, J. Kilgallen, J. M. Conroy, J. K. Wiencke, K. T. Kelsey, R. Miike, P. Chen, and M. R. Wrensch Associations Between ERCC2 Polymorphisms and Gliomas Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2001; 10(4): 355 - 360. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. Ino, R. A. Betensky, M. C. Zlatescu, H. Sasaki, D. R. Macdonald, A. O. Stemmer-Rachamimov, D. A. Ramsay, J. G. Cairncross, and D. N. Louis Molecular Subtypes of Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma: Implications for Patient Management at Diagnosis Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2001; 7(4): 839 - 845. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. M. Nigro, M. A. Takahashi, D. G. Ginzinger, M. Law, S. Passe, R. B. Jenkins, and K. Aldape Detection of 1p and 19q Loss in Oligodendroglioma by Quantitative Microsatellite Analysis, a Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2001; 158(4): 1253 - 1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Watson, A. Perry, V. Budhjara, C. Hicks, W. D. Shannon, and K. M. Rich Gene Expression Profiling with Oligonucleotide Microarrays Distinguishes World Health Organization Grade of Oligodendrogliomas Cancer Res., March 1, 2001; 61(5): 1825 - 1829. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. M. MARKERT, C. M. FULLER, G. Y. GILLESPIE, J. K. BUBIEN, L. A. MCLEAN, R. L. HONG, K. LEE, S. R. GULLANS, T. B. MAPSTONE, and D. J. BENOS Differential gene expression profiling in human brain tumors Physiol Genomics, February 7, 2001; 5(1): 21 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. M. DeAngelis Brain Tumors N. Engl. J. Med., January 11, 2001; 344(2): 114 - 123. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Huang, S. Colella, M. Kurrer, Y. Yonekawa, P. Kleihues, and H. Ohgaki Gene Expression Profiling of Low-Grade Diffuse Astrocytomas by cDNA Arrays Cancer Res., December 1, 2000; 60(24): 6868 - 6874. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. D. Geiger, P. Stoldt, W. Schlote, and A. Derouiche Ezrin Immunoreactivity Is Associated with Increasing Malignancy of Astrocytic Tumors but Is Absent in Oligodendrogliomas Am. J. Pathol., December 1, 2000; 157(6): 1785 - 1793. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]