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Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 20, Issue 21 (November), 2002: 4285-4291
© 2002 American Society for Clinical Oncology

Phase III Randomized Trial Comparing Three Platinum-Based Doublets in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

By G.V. Scagliotti, F. De Marinis, M. Rinaldi, L. Crinò, C. Gridelli, S. Ricci, E. Matano, C. Boni, M. Marangolo, G. Failla, G. Altavilla, V. Adamo, A. Ceribelli, M. Clerici, F. Di Costanzo, L. Frontini, M. Tonato for the Italian Lung Cancer Project

From the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin; Division of Pneumo-Oncology V, C. Forlanini Hospital, Division of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena Institute, and Division of Medical Oncology A, Regina Elena Institute, Rome; Division of Medical Oncology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna; Division of Medical Oncology B, National Cancer Institute "G. Pascale" and Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, Federico II University, Naples; Division of Medical Oncology, S. Chiara Hospital, Pisa; Division of Medical Oncology, S. Maria Hospital, Reggio Emilia; Division of Medical Oncology, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna; Division of Medical Oncology, S. Luigi and S. Curro Hospital, Catania; Department of Medical Oncology, University of Messina, Messina; Division of Medical Oncology, S. Giuseppe Hospital and Division of Medical Oncology, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan; Division of Medical Oncology, S. Maria Hospital, Terni; and Division of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Hospital, Perugia, Italy.

Address reprint requests to Giorgio V. Scagliotti, MD, University of Turin, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera S Luigi, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy; email: scagliotti{at}ihnet.it

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether two commonly used newer platinum-based regimens offer any advantage over vinorelbine-cisplatin (reference regimen) in response rate for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive patients were randomized to receive gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m2 days 1 and 8 plus cisplatin 75 mg/m2 day 2 every 21 days (GC arm), or paclitaxel 225 mg/m2 (3-hour infusion) then carboplatin (area under the concentration-time curve of 6 mg/mL·min), both on day 1 every 21 days (PCb arm), or vinorelbine 25 mg/m2/wk for 12 weeks then every other week plus cisplatin 100 mg/m2 day 1 every 28 days (VC arm).

RESULTS: Six hundred twelve patients were randomized to treatment (205 GC, 204 PCb, and 203 VC). Overall response rates for the GC (30%) and PCb (32%) arms were not significantly different from that of the VC arm (30%). There were no differences in overall survival, time to disease progression, or time to treatment failure. Median survival for the GC, PCb, and VC groups was 9.8, 9.9, and 9.5 months, respectively. Neutropenia was significantly higher on the VC arm (GC 17% or PCb 35% v VC 43% of cycles, P < .001), as was thrombocytopenia on the GC arm (GC 16% v VC 0.1% of cycles, P < .001). Alopecia and peripheral neurotoxicity were most common on the PCb arm, as was nausea/vomiting on the VC arm (P < .05).

CONCLUSION: Efficacy end points were not significantly different between experimental and reference arms, although toxicities showed differences. These findings suggest that chemotherapy in NSCLC has reached a therapeutic plateau.

Presented in part at the Thirty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, San Francisco, CA, May 12-15, 2001.


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Gemcitabine-docetaxel versus cisplatin-vinorelbine in advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III study addressing the case for cisplatin
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S. Kobayashi, T. J. Boggon, T. Dayaram, P. A. Janne, O. Kocher, M. Meyerson, B. E. Johnson, M. J. Eck, D. G. Tenen, and B. Halmos
EGFR Mutation and Resistance of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer to Gefitinib
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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
G. V. Scagliotti, C. Kortsik, G. G. Dark, A. Price, C. Manegold, R. Rosell, M. O'Brien, P. M. Peterson, D. Castellano, G. Selvaggi, et al.
Pemetrexed Combined with Oxaliplatin or Carboplatin as First-Line Treatment in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Randomized, Phase II Trial
Clin. Cancer Res., January 15, 2005; 11(2): 690 - 696.
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Ann OncolHome page
J.-Y. Douillard, R. Gervais, G. Dabouis, A. Le Groumellec, M. D'Arlhac, D. Spaeth, B. Coudert, D. Caillaud, A. Monnier, C. Clary, et al.
Sequential two-line strategy for stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer: docetaxel-cisplatin versus vinorelbine-cisplatin followed by cross-over to single-agent docetaxel or vinorelbine at progression: final results of a randomised phase II study
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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
Y. Hu, G. Bebb, S. Tan, R. Ng, H. Yan, J. R. Sartor, L. D. Mayer, and M. B. Bally
Antitumor Efficacy of Oblimersen Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide Alone and in Combination with Vinorelbine in Xenograft Models of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., November 15, 2004; 10(22): 7662 - 7670.
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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
C. Monnerat, T. Le Chevalier, K. Kelly, C. K. Obasaju, J. Brahmer, S. Novello, T. Nakamura, A. M. Liepa, L. Bozec, P. A. Bunn Jr, et al.
Phase II Study of Pemetrexed-Gemcitabine Combination in Patients with Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
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Ann OncolHome page
G. P. Stathopoulos, M. Veslemes, N. Georgatou, D. Antoniou, P. Giamboudakis, K. Katis, D. Tsavdaridis, S. K. Rigatos, I. Dimitroulis, S. Bastani, et al.
Front-line paclitaxel-vinorelbine versus paclitaxel-carboplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized phase III trial
Ann. Onc., July 1, 2004; 15(7): 1048 - 1055.
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The OncologistHome page
J. R. Rigas
Taxane-Platinum Combinations in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review
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Ann OncolHome page
J. D. Winegarden, A. M. Mauer, G. A. Otterson, C. M. Rudin, M. A. Villalona-Calero, V. J. Lanzotti, L. Szeto, K. Kasza, P. C. Hoffman, and E. E. Vokes
A phase II study of oxaliplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Ann. Onc., June 1, 2004; 15(6): 915 - 920.
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Cancer Res.Home page
L. C. Pulling, B. R. Vuillemenot, J. A. Hutt, T. R. Devereux, and S. A. Belinsky
Aberrant Promoter Hypermethylation of the Death-Associated Protein Kinase Gene Is Early and Frequent in Murine Lung Tumors Induced by Cigarette Smoke and Tobacco Carcinogens
Cancer Res., June 1, 2004; 64(11): 3844 - 3848.
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JCOHome page
M. Dediu
Should We Discard Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin From the First-Line Therapy of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer?
J. Clin. Oncol., April 1, 2004; 22(7): 1345 - 1347.
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Ann OncolHome page
C. Gridelli, A. Ardizzoni, T. Le Chevalier, C. Manegold, F. Perrone, N. Thatcher, N. van Zandwijk, M. Di Maio, O. Martelli, and F. De Marinis
Treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with ECOG performance status 2: results of an European Experts Panel
Ann. Onc., March 1, 2004; 15(3): 419 - 426.
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R. Rosell, K. D. Danenberg, V. Alberola, G. Bepler, J. J. Sanchez, C. Camps, M. Provencio, D. Isla, M. Taron, P. Diz, et al.
Ribonucleotide Reductase Messenger RNA Expression and Survival in Gemcitabine/Cisplatin-Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Clin. Cancer Res., February 15, 2004; 10(4): 1318 - 1325.
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Ann OncolHome page
T. Baetz, A. Belch, S. Couban, K. Imrie, J. Yau, R. Myers, K. Ding, N. Paul, L. Shepherd, J. Iglesias, et al.
Gemcitabine, dexamethasone and cisplatin is an active and non-toxic chemotherapy regimen in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease: a phase II study by the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group
Ann. Onc., December 1, 2003; 14(12): 1762 - 1767.
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Cancer Res.Home page
S. A. Belinsky, D. M. Klinge, C. A. Stidley, J.-P. Issa, J. G. Herman, T. H. March, and S. B. Baylin
Inhibition of DNA Methylation and Histone Deacetylation Prevents Murine Lung Cancer
Cancer Res., November 1, 2003; 63(21): 7089 - 7093.
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JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
B. E. Johnson
Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The End of the Beginning
J Natl Cancer Inst, October 1, 2003; 95(19): 1422 - 1424.
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JCOHome page
V. Alberola, C. Camps, M. Provencio, D. Isla, R. Rosell, C. Vadell, I. Bover, A. Ruiz-Casado, P. Azagra, U. Jimenez, et al.
Cisplatin Plus Gemcitabine Versus a Cisplatin-Based Triplet Versus Nonplatinum Sequential Doublets in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Spanish Lung Cancer Group Phase III Randomized Trial
J. Clin. Oncol., September 1, 2003; 21(17): 3207 - 3213.
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JCOHome page
P. Harper, T. Plunkett, and D. Khayat
Quality Trials and Quality of Life in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
J. Clin. Oncol., August 15, 2003; 21(16): 3007 - 3008.
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JCOHome page
F. Fossella, J. R. Pereira, J. von Pawel, A. Pluzanska, V. Gorbounova, E. Kaukel, K. V. Mattson, R. Ramlau, A. Szczesna, P. Fidias, et al.
Randomized, Multinational, Phase III Study of Docetaxel Plus Platinum Combinations Versus Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The TAX 326 Study Group
J. Clin. Oncol., August 15, 2003; 21(16): 3016 - 3024.
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