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Antineoplastic Effects of Partially HLA-Matched Irradiated Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma

Roger K. Strair, Dale Schaar, Daniel Medina, Mary B. Todd, Joseph Aisner, Robert S. DiPaola, Jacqueline Manago, Beth Knox, Amanda Jenkinson, Rachelle Senzon, Christina Baker, Liesel Dudek, Marie Ciardella, Mercy Kuriyan, Arnold Rubin, Edmund C. Lattime

From the Divisions of Medical Oncology and Surgical Oncology, and the Clinical Research Office, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.

Address reprint requests to Roger K. Strair, MD, PhD, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 195 Little Albany St, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; e-mail: strairrk{at}umdnj.edu.

Purpose: Vaccines, cytokines, and other biologic-based therapies are being developed as antineoplastic agents. Many of these agents are designed to induce an autologous immune response directed against the malignancy. In contrast, hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is being developed as a form of allogeneic immunotherapy. This study tests the tolerance and antineoplastic activity of sequential infusions of partially HLA-matched allogeneic blood mononuclear cells (obtained from relatives) when administered outside of the context of a hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. The cells are irradiated to prevent graft-versus-host disease.

Patients and Methods: Fifteen patients with relapsed or refractory malignancies for which no standard therapy was available were enrolled onto a clinical trial designed to assess the tolerability and antineoplastic effects of irradiated partially HLA-matched blood mononuclear cells obtained from relatives.

Results: There was disease regression in three patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma during treatment. There was disease progression in six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and two patients with metastatic melanoma during treatment. There was no change in disease state in several other patients.

Conclusion: Irradiated allogeneic blood mononuclear cells administered outside the context of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation may induce disease responses in patients with relapsed or refractory malignancies. Transfusion of irradiated allogeneic blood mononuclear cells should be developed further as a novel therapeutic antineoplastic approach.

Supported by The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.

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