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Gene Expression Alterations in Prostate Cancer Predicting Tumor Aggression and Preceding Development of Malignancy

From the Department of Pathology and Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and Biostatistics Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

Address reprint requests to Jian-Hua Luo, MD, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261; e-mail: luoj{at}msx.upmc.edu

PURPOSE: The incidence of prostate cancer is frequent, occurring in almost one-third of men older than 45 years. Only a fraction of the cases reach the stages displaying clinical significance. Despite the advances in our understanding of prostate carcinogenesis and disease progression, our knowledge of this disease is still fragmented. Identification of the genes and patterns of gene expression will provide a more cohesive picture of prostate cancer biology.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis on 152 human samples including prostate cancer tissues, prostate tissues adjacent to tumor, and organ donor prostate tissues, obtained from men of various ages, using the Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA) U95a, U95b, and U95c chip sets (37,777 genes and expression sequence tags).

RESULTS: Our results confirm an alteration of gene expression in prostate cancer when comparing with nontumor adjacent prostate tissues. However, our study also indicates that the gene expression pattern in tissues adjacent to cancer is so substantially altered that it resembles a cancer field effect.

CONCLUSION: We also found that gene expression patterns can be used to predict the aggressiveness of prostate cancer using a novel model.

Supported by grants 1UO1CA88110-01 (G.M.) and R01 CA098249 (J.H.L.) from the National Cancer Institute.

Authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest are found at the end of this article.

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