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Prognostic Factors in Patients With Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Treated by Front-Line Autotransplantation After Complete Remission: A Cohort Study by the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte

From the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France

Address reprint requests to Nicolas Mounier, MD, PhD, Service d'Onco-Hématologie, INSERM ERM0220, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-MP, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France; e-mail: nicolas.mounier{at}sls.ap-hop-paris.fr

PURPOSE: Improved survival has been observed in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients with adverse prognostic factors when autotransplantation (ASCT) was performed after complete remission. However, there is no agreement on the prognostic factors for patients treated with ASCT. We aimed to estimate the prognostic effect of clinical and biologic variables on relapse and survival rates by pooling the data from two trials.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of the patients treated in the LNH87 and LNH93 trials, 330 under age 60 years achieved complete remission after high-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, and received consolidative ASCT; 16% of patients had T-cell NHL. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) score was 0 for 11%, 1 for 23%, 2 for 51%, and 3 for 15%. Univariate and Cox multivariate survival analyses were retrospectively performed on this population.

RESULTS: Overall survival was 75 ± 5% at 5 years and disease-free survival (DFS) 67 ± 5%. For T-cell NHL, these scores were 54% and 44%, respectively. The IPI score had no prognostic value and only the following parameters adversely affected overall survival and DFS (P < .05): marrow involvement; more than one extranodal site; histology (nonanaplastic T-cell v others); and type of anthracycline (mitoxantrone v doxorubicin, for DFS only).

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ASCT can prevent relapse in patients with adverse IPI factors. However, patients presenting with a nonanaplastic T-cell phenotype, more than one extranodal site, or marrow involvement still have a higher risk of relapse. These factors should be taken into account when designing post-ASCT maintenance studies.

Supported in part by research funding from the Ministère de la Sante (PHRC-AOM 95061) and from the Délégation à la Recherche Clinique de l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris to the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte.

This study was presented in part at the 8th Annual Meeting of the European Haematology Association, June 12-15, 2003, Lyon, France, and at the 45th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, December 5-9, 2003, San Diego, CA.

Authors' disclosures of potential conflicts of interest are found at the end of this article.

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