Originally published as JCO Early Release 10.1200/JCO.2005.02.9355 on October 17 2005

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Prognostic Factors in HIV-Related Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma: Before Versus After Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

From the Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventative Medicine; and Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore

Address reprint requests to Alexandra M. Levine, MD, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033; e-mail: alevine{at}usc.edu

PURPOSE: To compare the prognostic factors for survival and the validity of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) in patients with HIV-related diffuse large-cell lymphoma (HIV-DLCL) treated with curative intent in the pre–highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era versus the HAART era.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 192 patients with HIV-DLCL diagnosed from 1982 to 2003. Pre-HAART era included 120 patients who did not receive HAART, whereas the HAART era included 72 patients diagnosed after January 1997 who received HAART.

RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in terms of either lymphoma or HIV-related characteristics in the two time periods. The complete response rate improved from 32% in the pre-HAART to 57% in the HAART era (P = .0006), and median survival time improved from 8.3 to 43.2 months (P = .0005). In groups with low-, low-intermediate–, and high-intermediate–risk IPI disease, 3-year overall survival rates were 20%, 22%, and 5% in the pre-HAART era and 64%, 64%, and 50% in the HAART era, respectively. On multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with decreased survival in both periods were increasing IPI scores and failure to attain complete remission, whereas CD4 less than 100 cells/µL predicted shorter survival in only the pre-HAART era.

CONCLUSION: Prognostic factors and overall survival of patients with HIV-DLCC have changed. Clinical outcomes in patients with HIV-DLCL are now approaching the outcomes of patients with de novo lymphoma.

Authors' disclosures of potential conflicts of interest are found at the end of this article.

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