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Phase I Single-Dose Study of Intracavitary-Administered Iodine-131-TM-601 in Adults With Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

Adam N. Mamelak, Steven Rosenfeld, Richard Bucholz, Andrew Raubitschek, L. Burt Nabors, John B. Fiveash, Sui Shen, M.B. Khazaeli, David Colcher, An Liu, Medhat Osman, Bart Guthrie, Susan Schade-Bijur, Diana M. Hablitz, Vernon L. Alvarez, Matthew A. Gonda

From the Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Alabama at Birmingham; TransMolecular Inc, Birmingham, AL; and Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO

Address reprint requests to Adam N. Mamelak, MD, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, 8631 W Third St, Ste 800e, Los Angeles, CA 90048, e-mail: Adam.Mamelak{at}cshs.org

PURPOSE: TM-601 binds to malignant brain tumor cells with high affinity and does not seem to bind to normal brain tissue. Preclinical studies suggest that iodine-131 (¹³¹I) –TM-601 may be an effective targeted therapy for the treatment of glioma. We evaluated the safety, biodistribution, and dosimetry of intracavitary-administered ¹³¹I-TM-601 in patients with recurrent glioma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen adult patients (17 with glioblastoma multiforme and one with anaplastic astrocytoma) with histologically documented recurrent glioma and a Karnofsky performance status of 60% who were eligible for cytoreductive craniotomy were enrolled. An intracavitary catheter with subcutaneous reservoir was placed in the tumor cavity during surgery. Two weeks after surgery, patients received a single dose of ¹³¹I-TM-601 from one of three dosing panels (0.25, 0.50, or 1.0 mg of TM-601), each labeled with 10 mCi of ¹³¹I.

RESULTS: Intracavitary administration was well tolerated, with no dose-limiting toxicities observed. ¹³¹I-TM-601 bound to the tumor periphery and demonstrated long-term retention at the tumor with minimal uptake in any other organ system. Nonbound peptide was eliminated from the body within 24 to 48 hours. Only minor adverse events were reported during the 22 days after administration. At day 180, four patients had radiographic stable disease, and one had a partial response. Two of these patients further improved and were without evidence of disease for more than 30 months.

CONCLUSION: A single dose of 10 mCi ¹³¹I-TM-601 was well tolerated for 0.25 to 1.0 mg TM-601 and may have an antitumoral effect. Dosimetry and biodistribution from this first trial suggest that phase II studies of ¹³¹I-TM-601 are indicated.

Supported by TransMolecular Inc, Birmingham, AL.

Presented in part at the 20th International Advances in the Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Clinical Oncology Conference, Latchi, Cyprus, June 30-July 2, 2003; and at the 8th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuro-Oncology, Keystone, CO, November 13-16, 2003.

Authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article.

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