Originally published as JCO Early Release 10.1200/JCO.2005.02.9181 on December 27 2005

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Preoperative Serum Tissue Factor Levels Are an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients With Ovarian Carcinoma

From the Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Biostatistics and Applied Mathematics, and Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA

Address reprint requests to: Anil K. Sood, MD, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1362, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230-1439; e-mail: asood{at}mdanderson.org

PURPOSE: Tissue factor (TF) is a procoagulant that plays an important part in tumor angiogenesis. We sought to determine the role of preoperative serum TF levels in predicting clinical outcome in patients with ovarian cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: TF expression was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in ovarian cell lines. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we assessed preoperative serum TF levels in 98 women with invasive epithelial ovarian carcinoma, 30 with low malignant potential (LMP) tumors, 16 with benign tumors, and a separate validation group of 39 women with adnexal masses. Clinical information was gathered from chart review.

RESULTS: TF was expressed in four of the five ovarian cancer cell lines, but absent in the nontransformed cells. Ovarian cancer patients had a median preoperative serum TF level of 85.2 pg/mL, which was significantly higher than in those with LMP tumors (12.8 pg/mL; P < .01) and benign adnexal disease (30.7 pg/mL; P < .01). TF 190 pg/mL was significantly associated with decreased patient survival (P < .01). After adjusting for other clinical variables in a multivariate Cox regression model, TF 190 pg/mL was an independent prognostic factor (P < .01). Analysis of serum TF levels from the validation set confirmed that high TF (190 pg/mL) was associated with a 3.4-fold increase in risk of death from disease (P = .02) and shorter survival (P = .01).

CONCLUSION: Preoperative serum TF levels are significantly elevated in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Elevated preoperative TF level is an independent prognostic factor for death from disease.

Presented in part at the 36th Annual Meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists, Miami Beach, FL, March 19-23, 2005.

Funded in part by The University of Texas at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Specialized Programs of Research Excellence in ovarian cancer (Grant No. 1P50CA83639).

Terms in blue are defined in the glossary, found at the end of this article and online at www.jco.org.

Authors' disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article.

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