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Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Radiotherapy for Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Results of the North Central Cancer Treatment Group Phase II Study N9942

Michael G. Haddock, Revathi Swaminathan, Nathan R. Foster, Mark D. Hauge, James A. Martenson, John K. Camoriano, Philip J. Stella, Richard C. Tenglin, Paul L. Schaefer, Dennis F. Moore, Jr, Steven R. Alberts

From the Mayo Clinic, Rochester; CentraCare Clinic, St Cloud, MN; Illinois Oncology Research Association Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP), Peoria, IL; Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Michigan Cancer Research Consortium, Ann Arbor, MI; Rapid City Regional Oncology Group, Rapid City, SD; Toledo Community Hospital Oncology Program CCOP, Toledo, OH; and the Wichita Community Clinical Oncology Program, Wichita, KS

Address reprint requests to Michael G. Haddock, MD, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; e-mail: haddock.michael{at}mayo.edu

Purpose A phase II study was conducted to determine the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy with concomitant gemcitabine and cisplatin for patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Patients and Methods Forty-eight patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma received gemcitabine (30 mg/m²) and cisplatin (10 mg/m²) twice weekly during the first 3 weeks of radiotherapy. The radiation dose to the primary tumor and regional nodes was 45 Gy in 25 fractions, and the gross tumor volume received an additional 5.4 Gy in three fractions. Four weeks after radiotherapy, patients received gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m²) once weekly every 3 of 4 weeks for a 12-week period. The primary end point was survival at 12 months. Secondary end points were time to progression, toxicity, and quality of life.

Results Survival at 1 year was 40% for 47 eligible patients. The median survival was 10.2 months. Confirmed responses were observed for 8.5% (two partial, two complete), and median time to progression was 7.3 months. Grade 4 or higher toxicity was observed for 31% and consisted primarily of hematologic and GI toxicity. There was a trend toward improved overall quality of life, measured by the Symptom Distress Scale (P = .06), with significant improvements in domains of insomnia, pain, and outlook.

Conclusion The combination of radiotherapy, gemcitabine, and cisplatin was well tolerated. Survival results were similar to those achieved with other treatment regimens for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer but did not meet our predefined criteria for additional evaluation of this regimen.

Supported in part by Public Health Service Grants No. CA-25224, CA-37404, CA-63848, CA-35195, CA-52352, CA-35101, CA-35269, CA-37417, CA-35448, CA-35113, CA-60276, CA-35103, CA-35415, and CA-35431 from the National Cancer Institute Department of Health and Human Services, and was conducted as a trial of the North Central Cancer Treatment Group and Mayo Clinic.

Authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article.

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