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Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation in Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Mary Ella Sanders, Troy Scroggins, Federico L. Ampil, Benjamin D. Li

From the Departments of Surgery and Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, LA State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport; and the Department of Radiation Oncology, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA

Address reprint requests to Benjamin D. Li, MD, FACS, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and the Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130; e-mail: bli{at}lsuhsc.edu

Whole-breast irradiation, as part of breast-conservation therapy (BCT), has well-established results, good cosmesis, and low toxicity. Results from the BCT trials suggest that the risk for ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence resides within close proximity to the original tumor site. This leads investigators to consider the role of an accelerated and more tumor bed–focused course of radiotherapy. Accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) involves treating a limited volume of breast tissue, with dose of irradiation per fraction increased and the treatment time course decreased. Four currently available methods of APBI are interstitial brachytherapy, intracavitary brachytherapy, intraoperative radiotherapy, and three-dimensional conformal external-beam radiotherapy. Patient selection is critical. This review article presents some preliminary clinical observations and limitations that suggest a potential role for APBI as a more user-friendly mode for delivering radiotherapy after lumpectomy for early breast cancer.

Authors' disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article.

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