Originally published as JCO Early Release 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.6315 on July 7 2008

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Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Myeloid Sarcoma: A Retrospective Study From the SFGM-TC

Patrice Chevallier, Mohamad Mohty, Bruno Lioure, Gerard Michel, Nathalie Contentin, Eric Deconinck, Pierre Bordigoni, Jean-Paul Vernant, Mathilde Hunault, Stéphane Vigouroux, Didier Blaise, Reza Tabrizi, Agnes Buzyn, Gerard Socie, Mauricette Michallet, Christelle Volteau, Jean-Luc Harousseau

From the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hôtel-Dieu; Cellule de Promotion à la Recherche Clinique, CHU Hotel-Dieu, Nantes; CHU Haute-Pierre, Strasbourg; Hopital de la Timone; Institut Paoli-Calmette, Marseille; Centre Henri-Becquerel, Rouen; CHU Minjoz, Besançon; CHU de Brabois, Nancy; AP-HP, CHU de la Pitié-Salpetrière; AP-HP, Hopital Necker; AP-HP, CHU Saint-Louis, Paris; CHU d'Angers, Angers; CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes; CHU Haut-Levêque, Bordeaux; and CHU Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France

Corresponding author: Patrice Chevallier, MD, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU HoDieu, Place A Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex, France; e-mail: patrice.chevallier{at}chu-nantes.fr

Purpose This retrospective multicenter study assessed the outcome of 51 patients with myeloid sarcoma (MS) who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHSCT).

Patients and Methods Most patients had MS presenting in conjunction with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or after AML. Six patients had isolated MS. The median time between diagnosis and alloHSCT was 8 months (range, 2.8 to 67). Forty patients were in complete remission (CR) at time of alloHSCT.

Results With a median follow-up of 33 (range, 1 to 182) months, the Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival were 47% (95% CI, 33% to 61%) and 36% (95% CI, 24% to 50%) at 5 years. Twenty patients (39%) relapsed at a median of 204 (range, 35 to 1151) days after alloHSCT, with relapse being the major cause of death. In a Cox multivariate analysis, age 15 years and remission status at time of alloHSCT (CR v other) were associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.27; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.65; P = .003; and HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.57; P = .002, respectively).

Conclusion We conclude that first-line alloHSCT performed early in the course of MS is a valid therapeutic option.

published online ahead of print at www.jco.org on July 7, 2008.

Authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article.

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