Originally published as JCO Early Release 10.1200/JCO.2007.13.0880 on December 1 2008

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Long-Term Smoking Cessation Outcomes Among Childhood Cancer Survivors in the Partnership for Health Study

Karen M. Emmons, Elaine Puleo, Ann Mertens, Ellen R. Gritz, Lisa Diller, Frederick P. Li

From the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard School of Public Health, Boston; University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

Corresponding author: Karen M. Emmons, PhD, Harvard School of Public Health and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Center for Community-Based Research, 44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115; e-mail: Karen_M_Emmons{at}dfci.harvard.edu

Purpose Partnership for Health (PFH) was found to increase smoking cessation among smokers in the Childhood Cancer Survivors Study (CCSS) at the 8- and 12-month postbaseline follow-up. This report provides outcomes at 2 to 6 years postbaseline; the primary outcome is a four-category smoking status variable (quit at all follow-ups, quit at final follow-up only, smoker at all follow-ups, and smoker at final follow-up only); quit attempts among those who reported smoking at the final follow-up is a secondary outcome.

Methods PFH was a randomized control trial with two conditions, peer phone counseling (PC) and self-help (SH), that involved smokers (n = 796) enrolled in the CCSS cohort.

Results Long-term quit rates were higher in PC versus SH participants. Long-term smoking cessation outcomes were lower among those who were nicotine dependent, of lower educational levels, and among men, and were higher among those who used nicotine replacement therapy and who had higher levels of situational self-efficacy. There were no significant differences in relapse rates between conditions or in quit attempts among continued smokers.

Conclusion Cessation rates continue to be significantly higher among participants in the PC condition versus SH, although the differences were not large. This article highlights differences in long-term engagement with smoking cessation among those who received the intervention.

published online ahead of print at www.jco.org on December 1, 2008

Supported by Grants no. U24-CA55727, RO1-CA77780, and R01CA106914-04 from the National Institutes of Health; support provided to the University of Minnesota by the Children's Cancer Research Fund; and support provided to the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute by Liberty Mutual, the Patterson Fellowship Fund, and the Harry and Elsa Jiler American Cancer Society Research Professorship (F.P.L.). Smith Kline Beecham donated nicotine patches.

Authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article.

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