Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 6, 56-61, Copyright © 1988 by American Society of Clinical Oncology

ARTICLES

Correlation of karyotype and immunophenotype in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

CH Pui, DL Williams, PK Roberson, SC Raimondi, FG Behm, SH Lewis, GK Rivera, DK Kalwinsky, M Abromowitch and WM Crist
Department of Hematology-Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101.

To correlate leukemic cell karyotype with immunophenotype, we studied 364 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A prognostically favorable cytogenetic feature, hyperdiploidy greater than 50 chromosomes, was found in 33% of cases classified as common ALL antigen positive (CALLA+) early pre-B (common) ALL, in contrast to 18% of pre-B cases (P = .012), 5% of T cell cases (P less than .001), and none of the B cell cases (P less than .001) or cases of CALLA negative (CALLA-) early pre-B ALL (P = .002). The frequency of translocations, an adverse cytogenetic feature, was significantly lower in CALLA+ early pre-B ALL cases (35%) than in B cell (100%; P less than .0001), pre-B (59%; P less than .001), or CALLA- early pre-B (62%; P = .016) cases. Thus, patterns of chromosomal change differ widely among the major immunophenotypic groups of ALL and may account for reported differences in responsiveness to treatment.
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