Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 6, 1368-1376, Copyright © 1988 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
High-dose combination alkylating agents with bone marrow support as initial treatment for metastatic breast cancer
WP Peters, EJ Shpall, RB Jones, GA Olsen, RC Bast, JP Gockerman and JO Moore
Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
To evaluate the effect of high-dose chemotherapy in the treatment of
metastatic breast cancer, we performed a phase II trial of a single
treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide (5,625 mg/m2), cisplatin (165
mg/m2), and carmustine (600 mg/m2), or melphalan (40 mg/m2) and bone marrow
support as the initial chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.
Twenty-two premenopausal patients with estrogen receptor negative,
measurable metastatic disease were treated. Twelve of 22 patients (54%)
obtained a complete response at a median 18 days. The overall response rate
is 73% (complete and partial response). Median duration of response in the
patients achieving complete response was 9.0 months with a median duration
of survival for complete responders that is currently undefined. Relapse
occurred predominantly at sites of pretreatment bulk disease or within
areas of previous radiation therapy. Toxicity was frequent and five
patients died of therapy- related complications. The results indicate that
a single treatment with intensive combination alkylating agents with bone
marrow support can produce more rapid and frequent complete responses than
conventional chemotherapy when used as initial chemotherapy for metastatic
breast cancer, although median disease-free and overall survival is not
improved. Three patients (14%) remain in unmaintained remission beyond 16
months.

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